Reported Speech

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REPORTED SPEECH:  En el "estilo indirecto"  (Reported Speech)le contamos a una persona lo que dijo alguien en un momento anterior. Ejemplo:
Estilo directo:  " Iré a ver a mi abuela mañana" dijo Antonio.
Estilo indirecto: Antonio dijo que iría a ver a su abuela al día siguiente.
En inglés el estilo indirecto (reported speech) es muy similar pero hay diferencias en ciertas estructuras.  Aquí tenéis un resumen.

1 STATEMENTS

• Reporting verbs: say / tell (+object) “they told me…
• Estructura: Regla del “one tense back”: Cuando pasamos a estilo indirecto el tiempo del verbo cambia al tiempo pasado anterior:

DIRECT SPEECH.................................REPORTED/INDIRECT SPEECH 

present simple “I play football every day”	past simple he said (that) he played football every day
present continuous "we are playing computer games now"	past continuous  he said (that) he was playing computer games then
past simple "My sister  bought a camera yesterday”	past perfect he said (that) his sister had bought a camera the day before.
present perfect . " They have seen John"	past perfect She said (that) they had seen John
past perfect . "They had forgiven him”	past perfect Lisa told me (that) they had forgiven him"
Future “will” “It will rain this evening”	Conditional “would” She said that it would rain this evening

VERBOS MODALES

*la mayoría de los modales NO cambian

“He should go home “ ------- he said that he should go home

PERO: : can---------------could

           will ...................would 

           have to-----------had to

            must …..............had to

2 QUESTIONS

• Reporting verb: ask
• Estructura : One-tense-back rule./ La pregunta sigue la estructura de claúsula afirmativa, no interrogativa 

1 EX: “Where are you going”?------------------- he asked where I was going.

What do you want? ---- she asked what I wanted

2 “Do you like music?” ---------- she asked him if / whether he liked music

3 ORDER, REQUESTS, ADVICE

• Reporting verbs: Order, tell, ask, advise, encourage, remind, warn
• Estructura :Subject +reporting verb + subject + “to infinive”

Ex: “get the information”, she said------ she asked me to get the information

She advised us to get the information

• En negativas se usa “not” delante del infinitivo
  • She asked me not to sell the car

4 SUGGESTIONS

• Reporting Verb : suggest
• Estructuras:
  • 1 he suggested that …
  • 2 he suggested + ing-verb

Ex: “let’s go to the cinema”----- She suggested that we (should) go to the cinema

She suggested going to the cinema 

OTHER CHANGES 

Time and place expressions

Now …………………………………then today / tonight………………………that day / that night yesterday……………………………the day before, the previous day tomorrow…………………………….the next / following day, next week / month………………… the following week / month last week / month……………….… the previous week / month, the week / month before a week / month ago …………….…the week / month before here …………………………………there

Demonstratives

This……………..that these …………..those